Revolutions in XXIst Century Science and Technology

Összefoglaló

Dennis Gabor, the Nobel Prize-winning Hungarian engineer-physicist and inventor of holography, redefined our approach to predicting the future with his book published in 1963 entitled Inventing the Future.
This momentum was carried forward by John Brockman's paper published in 1991 dedicated to the third culture and then by his collection of reports published in 2000, in which he urged that scientists and empirical thinkers should offer a key to a better understanding of our world.
Now, in the third decade of the third millennium, Professor Norbert Kroó, former President of the European Physical Society, paints an exciting vision of the future, guiding us through recent discoveries and inventions in his enjoyable style. This volume places a special emphasis on the moral aspect as well as the opportunities and risks involved in scientific research and economic development.
It is common knowledge that creative foresight is a necessary quality of the true innovative spirit. Therefore, I recommend following this call to action, embedded in this exceptional physical discussion.

Tartalomjegyzék:

FOREWORD
1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
2 INTRODUCTORY THOUGHTS
2.1 CHANGES IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
3 SCIENCE
3.1 A BRIEF OVERVIEW OF MODERN-DAY SCIENCE
3.2 SCIENTIFIC METHODS
3.3 THE VALUE OF BASIC RESEARCH
3.4 THE END OF SCIENCE?
4 SCIENCE AND THE TECHNOLOGIES OF THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY
4.1 THE DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGIES
4.2 TECHNOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
5 THE ECONOMY AND TECHNOLOGIES
6 SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND THE ARTS
7 INDUSTRY AND ITS CURRENT FOURTH REVOLUTION
7.1 SIMULATION
7.2 AUTONOMOUS ROBOTS
7.3 BIG DATA
7.4 CLOUD COMPUTING
7.5 THE INTERNET OF THINGS
7.6 SYSTEMS INTEGRATION
7.7 ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
7.8 AUGMENTED REALITY
7.9 CYBERSECURITY
8 OPTICAL TECHNOLOGIES
8.1 Devices
8.2 Applications
9 PLASMONICS
9.1 SURFACE AND LOCALIZED SURFACE PLASMONS
9.2 APPLICATIONS OF PLASMONICS
9.3 PLASMONICS IN ICT TECHNOLOGIES
9.3.1 Waveguides
9.3.2 Plasmonic chips
9.3.3 Lithography
9.4 PLASMONICS FOR ENERGY
9.5 PLASMONIC LASERS
9.6 NONLINEAR PLASMONICS
10 NANOTECHNOLOGY
10.1 NANOTECHNOLOGY IN TERMS OF ENERGY
10.2 CARBON NANOTUBES
10.3 GRAPHENE
10.4 NANOMACHINES, LASERS AND OTHER DEVICES
10.5 MAJOR TRENDS IN NANOTECHNOLOGIES
11 BIOTECHNOLOGY
11.1 BIOMEDICINE
11.2 HEALTH TECHNOLOGIES
11.2.1 Individualized treatment options
11.2.2 Bionic eyes
11.2.3 Smart implants
11.2.4 Cancer detection
11.2.5 Blood tests
11.2.6 An alternative to antibiotics
11.2.7 A health monitor in your pocket
11.2.8 Biological computers
12 MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
12.1 A FEW COMMENTS ABOUT MATERIALS SCIENCE
12.2 TWO-DIMENSIONAL MATERIALS
12.3 ONE-DIMENSIONAL MATERIALS
12.4 ZERO-DIMENSIONAL MATERIALS
12.5 SUPERMATERIALS
12.6 SUPERCONDUCTORS
13 INFORMATICS
13.1 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
13.2 MOLECULAR ELECTRONICS
13.3 CARBON-BASED ELECTRONICS
13.4 SPIN ELECTRONICS
13.5 QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
13.6 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
13.7 TRENDS IN THE FIELD OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
14 QUANTUM MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
14.1 THE FOUNDATIONS OF QUANTUM MECHANICS
14.2 QUANTUM MECHANICS AND TIMEKEEPING
14.3 QUANTUM SENSORS
14.4 QUANTUM IMAGING
14.5 QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY
14.6 QUANTUM COMPUTERS
14.7 QUANTUM SIMULATION
14.8 QUANTUM OPTICS
14.9 QUANTUM LITHOGRAPHY
14.10 QUANTUM PLASMONICS
14.11 QUANTUM MECHANICS AND QUANTUM NOISES
14.12 QUANTUM INTERFEROMETRY
15 ENERGETICS
15.1 ENERGY SOURCES IN GENERAL
15.2 ENERGY AND ENTROPY
15.3 NUCLEAR ENERGY
15.4 SOME OTHER TITBITS
15.4.1 Carbon capture and power generation
15.4.2 Artificial leaves
15.4.3 Utilizing exhaust gases
15.4.4 The lithium-ion battery and what might come next
16 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
16.1 SUSTAINABILITY AND TECHNOLOGIES
16.2 NANOTECHNOLOGIES AND THE ENVIRONMENT
17 THE MAGNITUDE OF CHANGES
18 CONCLUSION
EPILOGUE: PHYSICS MEETS THE CORONAVIRUS